Chapter 1 Test


Biology, Campbell/Reece
Chapter 1 Test
Introduction

1.  Biology is the study of l________.


2.  A living thing is called an o_____________.


** Approximately how old does current science say life is on the Earth?



3.  Put in correct order this hierarchy of life:

population
biosphere
community
ecosystem
organ
organism
tissue
cell
organ system
molecule
atom
organelle
cell
atom


4.  Explain what the idea of “emergent properties” is, in detail.



5.  Give an example of an emergent property in a cell.


6.  Give an example of an emergent property in an organism.



****Give an example of an emergent property in a population.


7.  Biology necessarily has to use reductionism in its studies.  Why does that create problems, though?




** Give me an example of reductionism in biological studies.



8.  What theory did Robert Hooke first describe?



**** Why did Hooke name it that?


9.  Name five of the seven discussed properties of life.




** Name the other two


10.  With as much detail as possible, discuss the structural differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. (5 points)







11.  What molecule encodes the biological instruction for living structures?



12.  What shape is it?  Draw or describe well.



** What two scientists first developed a theory about this molecule?



13.  What do we mean when we say that function and structure are correlated in biological systems?





** Give an example of structure and function being correlated in biological systems.



14.  If you have a single celled organism, is it likely to be a eukaryotic cell or a prokaryotic cell?




15.  What is the branch of biology that names and classifies (groups) species called?



16.  What is the role of nucleotides in passing inherited genetic instruction?  Describe basically how they work.





17.  Do all living systems that we know of use DNA or something like it?



18.  Give an example of the diversity of life.



19.  Give an example of the unity of life.



20.  The entire set of instructions an organism inherits is called its g_______, and the

 human one has been “m________ed”.



***Do plant cells or animal cells have cell walls?  Do plant cells or animal cells have cell membranes?


21.  An organism exchanges materials and energy with its surroundings, so it is an

________ system.


22.  What does chlorophyll do?



23.  Where does all life on the planet get its energy from, at the beginning of the chain?



24.  The work of the cells involves transforming chemical energy into h________.


25.  Substances that speed up chemical reactions are called c__________

26.  In cells, one kind of these substances is an en________.

**Feedback inhibition is also called _______ feedback.


27.  In positive feedback, the action of one of the enzymes _________ the rate of production of a product.


28.  In negative feedback, the action is ____________ or _____________ after chemical signals.


*** Which is more common in living systems, positive or negative feedback?


29.  What is homeostatis?



**** What is steady state regulation?




*** About how many species have we identified and named?



30.  When did Charles Darwin write his book and what was it called?



31.  Explain the concept of natural selection, and why it matters.



32.  Was Darwin’s theory of evolution the first theory of evolution?



** What is the difference between evolution and a mechanism of evolution?



33.  What is evolutionary adaptation, and what causes it, and what does it cause?









34.  Why did Darwin study finches?


35.  Where did he study them?



36.  What are the two kinds of science, according to the text, and give an example of each (4 points).






37.  Order the following correctly, from the first step to the last.

prediction
hypothesis
question
test
observations


38.  The above are steps in the sc___________ m__________.

39.  What happens if a test supports a hypothesis?



40.  What happens if a test does not support a hypothesis?



41.  Is a scientific theory the same as a “theory” in regular conversational speech?


42.  What is the difference between science and technology?




*** What do you like best and least about the biology book so far?















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