Biology, Campbell/Reece
Chapter 1 Test
Introduction
1. Biology is
the study of l________.
2. A living
thing is called an o_____________.
** Approximately how old does current science say life is on
the Earth?
3. Put in
correct order this hierarchy of life:
population
biosphere
community
ecosystem
organ
organism
tissue
cell
organ system
molecule
atom
organelle
cell
atom
4. Explain what
the idea of “emergent properties” is, in detail.
5. Give an
example of an emergent property in a cell.
6. Give an
example of an emergent property in an organism.
****Give an example of an emergent property in a population.
7. Biology
necessarily has to use reductionism in its studies. Why does that create problems, though?
** Give me an example of reductionism in biological studies.
8. What theory
did Robert Hooke first describe?
**** Why did Hooke name it that?
9. Name five of
the seven discussed properties of life.
** Name the other two
10. With as
much detail as possible, discuss the structural differences between prokaryotic
cells and eukaryotic cells. (5 points)
11. What
molecule encodes the biological instruction for living structures?
12. What shape
is it? Draw or describe well.
** What two scientists first developed a theory about this
molecule?
13. What do we
mean when we say that function and structure are correlated in biological
systems?
** Give an example of structure and function being
correlated in biological systems.
14. If you have
a single celled organism, is it likely to be a eukaryotic cell or a prokaryotic
cell?
15. What is the
branch of biology that names and classifies (groups) species called?
16. What is the
role of nucleotides in passing inherited genetic instruction? Describe basically how they work.
17. Do all
living systems that we know of use DNA or something like it?
18. Give an
example of the diversity of life.
19. Give an
example of the unity of life.
20. The entire
set of instructions an organism inherits is called its g_______, and the
human one has
been “m________ed”.
***Do plant cells or animal cells have cell walls? Do plant cells or animal cells have
cell membranes?
21. An organism
exchanges materials and energy with its surroundings, so it is an
________ system.
22. What does
chlorophyll do?
23. Where does
all life on the planet get its energy from, at the beginning of the chain?
24. The work of
the cells involves transforming chemical energy into h________.
25. Substances
that speed up chemical reactions are called c__________
26. In cells,
one kind of these substances is an en________.
**Feedback inhibition is also called _______ feedback.
27. In positive
feedback, the action of one of the enzymes _________ the rate of production of
a product.
28. In negative
feedback, the action is ____________ or _____________ after chemical signals.
*** Which is more common in living systems, positive or
negative feedback?
29. What is
homeostatis?
**** What is steady state regulation?
*** About how many species have we identified and named?
30. When did
Charles Darwin write his book and what was it called?
31. Explain the
concept of natural selection, and why it matters.
32. Was
Darwin’s theory of evolution the first theory of evolution?
** What is the difference between evolution and a mechanism
of evolution?
33. What is
evolutionary adaptation, and what causes it, and what does it cause?
34. Why did
Darwin study finches?
35. Where did
he study them?
36. What are
the two kinds of science, according to the text, and give an example of each (4
points).
37. Order the
following correctly, from the first step to the last.
prediction
hypothesis
question
test
observations
38. The above
are steps in the sc___________ m__________.
39. What
happens if a test supports a hypothesis?
40. What
happens if a test does not support a hypothesis?
41. Is a
scientific theory the same as a “theory” in regular conversational speech?
42. What is the
difference between science and technology?
*** What do you like best and least about the biology book
so far?
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