Chapter 4, Quiz

 

Quiz, Chapter 4, Reece Campbell Biology (open book)

Fill in the blank format

W____________ is the universal medium for life on Earth.

Of all chemical elements, c__________ is unparalleled in its ability to form molecules

 that are l________, c__________, and d____________.

A cell is composed of ______________% water;  the rest consists mostly of c_______ compounds.

P_______, D_____,c_________ are all composed of carbon atoms bonded to one another and to atoms of othe elements.

H_______, o__________, n___________, s_______ and p_______are other common ingredients of these compounds.

The branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds is called

o_________ c___________.

Most organic compounds contain h__________ atoms.

Wohler accidentally synthesized an organic compound present in the urine of animals,

u_______.

Carbon has a total of ______ electrons, with ______ in the first electron shell and ______ in the second shell. 

Carbon has a tendency to form i_________ bonds by gaining or losing 4 e__________.

Carbon compounds tend to form t_______hedrons.

Carbon chains form the sk____________ of most organic molecules.  They vary in length

and may be str__________, br_______, or arranged in closed r________.

Organic molecules consisting only of carbon ad hydrogen are h_____________.

Petroleum is called a f________ fuel.

Variation in he architecture of organic molecules can be seen in i____________, compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures and hence different properties.

The three kinds of isomers are s___________, g_____________, and e____________.

Structural isomers differ in c____________ partners.

Geometric isomers differ in a_______ about a double b________.

Enantiomers result in molecules that are m__________ i_______, like left and right

h__________.

Two enatiomers of a dr___ may not be equally effective  in some cases one of the

isomers may produce a h_________ effect.

Th_______________ was a drug that was a mixture of two enantiomers;  one reduced

m_____________ s________, the other caused severe b__________ d__________.

The components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical

reactions are known as f__________ groups.

We can view f__________ groups as at_____________s.

The number and arrangement of the groups help give each molecule its unique

p___________.

There are _________ functional groups that are most important in the chemistry of life: 

h_________, c___________, c___________, a___________ s____________ and

p____________ groups.

Hydroxyl groups create a____________.

C____________ groups create a__________ and k____________.

C___________ groups create c___________ a________.

A___________ groups create a_______________.

S______________ groups create th__________.

Ph____________ groups create or_________ ph__________.